Blar i forfatter "Brunstad, Harald"

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    • Gas seeps in Norwegian waters – distribution and mechanisms 

      Thorsnes, Terje; Chand, Shyam; Bellec, Valerie Karin; Nixon, Chantel; Brunstad, Harald; Lepland, Aivo; Aarrestad, Sigrun M. (Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2023-06-01)
      Gas seeps and fluid-flow related seabed features are found over the entire Norwegian exclusive economic zone (EEZ). Multibeam water-column data from c. 136 000 km2 has revealed more than 5 000 gas seeps. Most of the gas seeps seem to have biogenic, thermogenic or mixed origin; some may be of abiotic origin. The spatial distribution of the gas seeps appears to correlate with: 1 – structural highs ...

    • Image based quantitative comparisons indicate heightened megabenthos diversity and abundance at a site of weak hydrocarbon seepage in the southwestern Barents Sea 

      Sen, Arunima; Chitkara, Chestaa; Hong, Wei-Li; Lepland, Aivo; Cochrane, Sabine; Di Primio, Rolando; Brunstad, Harald (Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2019-08-08)
      <p><i>Background - </i>High primary productivity in the midst of high toxicity defines hydrocarbon seeps; this feature usually results in significantly higher biomass, but in lower diversity communities at seeps rather than in the surrounding non-seep benthos. Qualitative estimates indicate that this dichotomy does not necessarily hold true in high latitude regions with respect to megafauna. Instead, ...

    • Long-term fluid expulsion revealed by carbonate crusts and pockmarks connected to subsurface gas anomalies and palaeo-channels in the central North Sea 

      Chand, Shyam; Cremiere, Antoine; Lepland, Aivo; Thorsnes, Terje; Brunstad, Harald; Stoddart, Daniel (Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2016-11-19)
      Gas seepage through the seafloor into the water column is inferred based on acoustic mapping, video observations and geochemical analyses at multiple locations in the Viking Graben and Utsira High areas of the central North Sea. Flares in the Viking Graben occur both inside and along the periphery of a submarine melt water channel where pockmarks (up to 500 m in diameter) and methane-derived carbonate ...

    • Strategy for Detection and High-Resolution Characterization of Authigenic Carbonate Cold Seep Habitats Using Ships and Autonomous Underwater Vehicles on Glacially Influenced Terrain 

      Thorsnes, Terje; Chand, Shyam; Brunstad, Harald; Lepland, Aivo; Lågstad, Petter Arthur (Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2019-11-26)
      Cold seep habitats with authigenic carbonates and associated chemosynthetic communities in glacially influenced terrains constitute an important part of the benthic ecosystems, but they are difficult to detect in large-scale seabed surveys. The areas they occupy are normally small, and survey platforms and sensors allowing high-resolution spatial characterization are necessary. We have developed a ...

    • Timescales of methane seepage on the Norwegian margin following collapse of the Scandinavian Ice Sheet 

      Cremiere, Antoine; Lepland, Aivo; Chand, Shyam; Sahy, Diana; Condon, Daniel J.; Noble, Stephen R.; Martma, Tõnu; Thorsnes, Terje; Sauer, Simone; Brunstad, Harald (Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2016-05-11)
      Gas hydrates stored on continental shelves are susceptible to dissociation triggered by environmental changes. Knowledge of the timescales of gas hydrate dissociation and subsequent methane release are critical in understanding the impact of marine gas hydrates on the ocean–atmosphere system. Here we report a methane efflux chronology from five sites, at depths of 220–400 m, in the southwest Barents ...